Body Systems

Homeostasis & Systems Integration: Biological systems maintain steady-state internal equilibria (temperature $37^\circ\text{C}$, arterial pH $7.35\text{--}7.45$, mean arterial pressure $93\text{ mmHg}$) via negative feedback control loops.

Cardiopulmonary Coupling: Cardiac output ($CO = HR \times SV$) dynamically responds to tissue metabolic oxygen demand, synchronized with alveolar minute ventilation ($V_E = RR \times V_T$).

Autonomic Nervous Control: Sympathetic activation ("fight-or-flight") releases catecholamines, increasing chronotropic heart rate and bronchodilation; parasympathetic vagal tone promotes rest and digestion.

Operating Instructions: Select organ system and physiological state (Resting, Exercise, Sympathetic) to view animated organ dynamics and metric changes.